Periodontal disease in pets often goes unnoticed, and when it is identified, the message about its importance is not always conveyed effectively to pet owners. Many veterinarians and technicians may lack specialized training in veterinary dentistry, which can lead to a misunderstanding of the critical need for early intervention. Only the first stage of periodontal disease is reversible, and most owners are not receiving recommendations to do a dental cleaning until their pet has stage two periodontal disease. As veterinary technicians, it’s essential to recognize the early signs of periodontal disease so we can help pet owners take proactive steps to maintain their pets’ oral health. In this blog, we will explore the common signs of periodontal disease in pets, the importance of early detection, and practical tips for technicians to effectively assess and communicate dental health issues.
Understanding Periodontal Disease
Periodontal disease is one of the most common health issues affecting pets, particularly dogs and cats. It typically begins with plaque buildup, which can progress to gingivitis and, if left untreated, leads to gum recession, bone loss, and eventually tooth loss. Recognizing the early signs of these conditions can help prevent oral surgery, pain, and systemic disease.
Common Signs of Periodontal Disease
1. Bad Breath (Halitosis): While pets naturally have some odor, a strong, foul smell can indicate an underlying dental problem.
2. Red Gums: Healthy gums are pink and firm. If you notice redness, swelling, or bleeding, this may be a sign of gingivitis.
3. Excessive Drooling: An increase in drooling can be caused by dental pain or irritation.
4. Changes in Eating Behavior: If a pet suddenly becomes picky, hesitates while eating, or avoids hard food, they may be experiencing dental discomfort.
5. Visible Tartar or Calculus Buildup: Yellow or brown soft deposits on the teeth are often indicative of plaque accumulation. In as little as 48 hours, plaque buildup begins to calcify and becomes hard. This is known as calculus.
6. Tooth Loss: Missing teeth or loose teeth can be a sign of advanced Periodontal disease and should be assessed immediately.
7. Facial Swelling: Swelling around the face or jaw can be a sign of dental abscesses or more serious complications.
8. Behavioral Changes: Often pets will become irritable or withdrawn when experiencing dental pain. Pets may also begin to lick themselves or other things like the floor compulsively. Another common behavior change is dropping toys after picking them up or playing fetch.
Importance of Early Detection
Early detection of periodontal disease can lead to more effective treatments, potentially saving pets from painful procedures and expensive veterinary bills. As technicians, our ability to identify these signs early on can greatly impact the health outcomes for our patients.
Practical Tips for Technicians
– Regular Mouth Checks: Make it a routine to perform oral assessments during every examination. Make sure to include the owner and show them what you are seeing. Look for signs of periodontal disease and document your findings.
– Educate Pet Owners: Take the time to educate clients on the importance of dental health, including proper home care techniques and regular veterinary check-ups.
– Utilize Resources: Leverage resources like dental charts, before and after photos, models that show the length of roots and educational materials to enhance your understanding and increase your accuracy in identifying dental issues.
– Encourage Professional Cleanings (COHAT): Remind pet owners that professional dental cleanings are essential for maintaining their pets’ dental health. Cost is often a significant concern for pet owners when it comes to professional dental cleanings. However, I’ve found that when owners gain a clear understanding of the comprehensive nature of a Complete Oral Health Assessment and Treatment (COHAT), their perception of its value greatly increases. By educating pet owners on the extensive procedures involved—including general anesthesia, a thorough examination, full mouth dental radiographs, the meticulous care taken during cleaning using both hand scalers/curettes and an ultrasonic scaler and a thorough polishing to smooth any etches made during the cleaning or that the teeth previously had—they can better appreciate the long-term benefits of maintaining their pet’s dental health. Ultimately, investing in their pet’s oral care translates to improved overall health, comfort, and happiness. It is very common we find pathology in the patient’s mouth that may need treatment during the anesthesia, but if COHATs are done early enough and consistently enough, these treatments and costs will generally be significantly lower.
– Stay Informed: Staying informed and continuing your education through courses and workshops focused on veterinary dentistry is essential for keeping up with the latest advancements and best practices. I currently offer two comprehensive 8-hour courses designed to enhance the skills and knowledge of veterinary technicians and assistants looking to advance in this field.
Continuing Education Courses for Technicians
The first course, ‘Introduction to Veterinary Dentistry, Radiology, and Anesthesia for Technicians,’ kicks off with two hours dedicated to understanding common pathology and abbreviations, basic anatomy, essential instruments and maintaining them, and dental radiographs. This is followed by a two-hour anesthesia lecture presented by our board-certified anesthesiologist, Dr. Martin Kennedy, covering anesthetic plans and essential monitoring techniques. After lunch, participants engage in a hands-on radiograph lab, where they apply the concepts learned in the lecture on rotating canine and feline cadavers for four hours.
The second course, ‘Veterinary Dentistry for Technicians and Assistants,’ also spans a full day and includes four hours of lecture followed by four hours of practical lab work. During the lecture, we delve into the technician’s role in veterinary dentistry, anatomy and common pathological conditions, and dental radiograph techniques. The afternoon is divided into two segments: the first focuses on hand scaling, instrument sharpening, ultrasonic scaling, polishing, and various nerve blocks, depending on location. The second half zeroes in on dental radiographs for both canine and feline patients, allowing participants to refresh both canine and feline radiographs with hands-on practice.
Both courses are tailored to anyone aiming to deepen their understanding and expertise in veterinary dentistry, providing skills and knowledge that translate into a more efficient dental team and better patient care.
Sign Up for a CE Course Today
Recognizing Periodontal disease in pets is an essential skill for veterinary technicians. By being diligent in our assessments and educating pet owners about the importance of dental health, we can make a significant difference in our patients’ lives. Remember, oral health is integral to a pet’s overall wellness, and your role as a technician is crucial in advocating for their dental care.
If you’re interested in strengthening your veterinary dental skills as a technician, sign up for a continuing education course near you today.
Images used under creative commons license – commercial use (11/14/2024). Photo by Wade Austin Ellis on Unsplash